Context & Motivation
Mpitilira Primary School in Malawi faced a critical sanitation crisis, with failing latrines posing a severe health risk to students and staff. As part of Engineers Without Borders (EWB), our chapter was tasked with designing and implementing a sustainable, locally-buildable solution to replace the condemned infrastructure.
Project Objectives
- Public Health: Design a waste containment system that prevents groundwater contamination relative to the local water table.
- Sustainability: Utilize locally sourced materials (bricks, sand, cement) to ensure the community can maintain the facility without external aid.
- Durability: Engineer the superstructure to withstand heavy seasonal rains and high usage rates (50+ users/day).
Engineering Implementation
Civil & Structural Design
I led the technical design of the latrine superstructure and foundation:
- Foundation Design: Calculated bearing capacity requirements for the unreinforced masonry walls. Specified a reinforced concrete ring beam to distribute loads evenly and preventing differential settlement in the soft soil.
- Ventilation Design: Integrated a solar-driven "VIP" (Ventilated Improved Pit) mechanism. Black PVC vent pipes heat up in the sun, creating an updraft that pulls odors out of the pit.
Project Management & Logistics
Executing a construction project 8,000 miles away required rigorous planning:
- Remote Oversight: Established a WhatsApp-based reporting protocol with local contractors, reviewing photo evidence of rebar spacing and concrete mix ratios before authorizing pour phases.
- Cost Estimation: Managed a $15,000 budget, accounting for volatile local material prices and currency exchange fluctuations.
Performance & Results
- Completion: The facility was successfully constructed on-time and under budget.
- Impact: Provided safe sanitation for 20 staff members, directly reducing the risk of cholera and other waterborne diseases.
- Recognition: The project design won 3rd Place in the Georgia Association of Water Professionals (GAWP) competition for its technical merit and social impact.